Vaccins imparfaits : Un problème épineux dans le développement accéléré des vaccins
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18357/anthropologica66120242719Mots-clés :
développement des vaccins, logique des vaccins, acceptation des vaccins, hésitation, confiance du public, réglementation, sécurité, efficacité, paludismeRésumé
Si aucun vaccin ne peut offrir une protection totale, un haut niveau de réglementation en matière de sécurité, d’efficacité et de qualité est fondamental pour la confiance du public et l’adoption des vaccins en tant qu’outils essentiels de la santé publique mondiale. Cet article traite d’une préoccupation croissante au sujet des vaccins sous-optimaux « imparfaits » qui menacent les interventions d’urgence en cas de pandémie, ainsi que les programmes de santé publique habituel. Des normes réglementaires souples permettent aujourd’hui d’approuver plus rapidement des vaccins et des produits thérapeutiques dont l’efficacité n’est peut-être pas optimale. Des normes réglementaires flexibles permettent aujourd’hui d’approuver plus rapidement des vaccins et des produits thérapeutiques dont l’efficacité pourrait être sous-optimale. Les compromis entre les avantages et les inconvénients qui jouent un rôle considérable dans l’évaluation réglementaire, et à tous les stades du développement et de l’administration des vaccins, méritent d’être mieux connus du public, d’être plus transparents et de faire l’objet d’une plus grande responsabilisation. En nous basant sur le cas du premier vaccin antipaludique homologué, le RTS,S Mosquirix™, et à la lumière de l’approbation rapide des vaccins contre la COVID-19, nous examinons les implications socio-techniques des vaccins imparfaits dans les logiques vaccinales mondiales et suggérons des possibilités de renforcement de la légitimité pour informer la prochaine génération de la politique réglementaire en matière de technologie.
Téléchargements
Références
Agarwal, Ritu, Michelle Dugas, et Jui Ramaprasad. 2021. « Socioeconomic Privilege and Political Ideology are Associated with Racial Disparity in COVID-19 Vaccination», Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (33) : e2107873118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.210787311.
Albrecht, Don. 2022. « Vaccination, Politics and COVID-19 Impacts», BMC Public Health 14 22 (1) : 96. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12432-x.
Alghounaim, Mohammad, Zainab Alsaffar, Abdulla Alfraij, Saadoun Bin-Hasan, and Entesar Hussain. 2022. « Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine: Reflections on Efficacy », Medical Principles and Practice 31 (4) : 313-321. https://doi.org/10.1159/000525468.
Ashepet, Mercy G., Liesbet Jacobs, Michiel Van Oudheusden et Tina Huyse. 2021. « Wicked Solution for Wicked Problems: Citizen Science for Vector-Borne Disease Control in Africa », Trends in Parasitology 37 (2) : 93-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.004.
Azuma, Kentaro. 2015. « Regulatory Landscape of Regenerative Medicine in Japan», Current Stem Cell Reports 1 : 118-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-015-0012-6.
Bardosh K., A. de Figueiredo, R. Gur-Arie, E. Jamrozik, J. Doidge, T. Lemmens, S. Keshavjee, J.E. Graham et S. Baral. 2022. « The Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Vaccine Policy: Why Mandates, Passports, and Restrictions May Cause More Harm than Good », BMJ Global Health. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://gh.bmj.com/content/bmjgh/7/5/e008684.full.pdf.
Björkman, Anders, Christine Stabell Benn, Pater Aaby et Allan Schapira. 2023. «RTS,S/ AS01 Malaria Vaccine -Proven Safe and Effective ? », Lancet Infectious Disease 23 (8) : e318-e322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00126-3.
Bothwell, L.E., J.A. Greene, S.H. Podolsky, and D.S. Jones. 2016. « Assessing the Gold Standard—Lessons from the History of RCTs », New England Journal of Medicine 374(22): 2175-2181. https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMms1604593.
Brende, B., J. Farrar, D. Gashumba, C. Moedas, T. Mundel, Y. Shiozaki, H. Vardhan, J. Wanka, et J.A. Røttingen. 2017. « CEPI—A New Global R and D Organisation for Epidemic Preparedness and Response », Lancet 389(10066) : 233-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30131-9.
Broutin, Hélène, O. Thiongane, L. Agier, I. Van-Engelgem, J.-P. Jemmy Ghomsi, A. Ouattara, M. Doutchi, H.B. Manassara, A.T. Dia, et J. E. Graham. 2018. « Fighting Meningitis in Africa: A Call for a Multi-Sectorial Action », Journal of Tropical Medicine and Health. JTMH-129. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/fighting-meningitis-in-africa-a-call-for-a-multi-sectorial-action.
Butler, D. 2017. « Billion-Dollar Project Aims to Prep Vaccines before Epidemics Hit.” Nature. 26 January, 541 (7638) : 444-445. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature.2017.21329.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2021. Vaccines. Consulté le 29 août 2024, https://web.archive.org/web/20200831141506/https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/malaria_worldwide/reduction/vaccine.html.
——. 2023. « Rotavirus Vaccine (RotaShield®) and Intussusception ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/rotavirus/vac-rotashield-historical.htm.
——. 2024. Malaria Vaccines. Consulté le 29 août 2024, https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/php/public-health-strategy/malaria-vaccines.html.
Chandramohan, Daniel, Issaka Zonga, Issaka Sagara, Matthew Cairms, et al. 2021. « Seasonal Malaria Vaccination with or without Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention », The New England Journal of Medicine 25 August. 385 : 1005-1017. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa20263.
Clark, Andrew, Jacqueline Tate, Umesh Parashar, Mark Jit, M. Hasso-Agopsowicz, N. Henschke, B. Lopman B, K.Van Zandvoort, C. Pecenka, P. Fine, et C. Sanderson. 2019. « Mortality Reduction Benefits and Intussusception Risks of Rotavirus Vaccination in 135 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Modelling Analysis of Current and Alternative Schedules », Lancet Global Health. November 7 (11) : e1541-e1552. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30412-7.
Coleho, C. H., J.Y.A. Doritchamou, I. Zaidi, et P.E. Duffy. 2017. « Advances in Malaria Vaccine Development: Report from the 2017 Malaria Vaccine Symposium », NPJ Vaccines 2 (34). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-017-0035-3.
Dabira, E. D., H.M. Soumare, H.B. Conteh, F. Ceesay, M.O. Ndiath, J. Bradley, N. Mohammed, B. Kandeh, M. R. Smit, H. Slater, K. Peeters Grietens, H. Broekhuizen, T. Bousema, C. Drakeley, S.W. Lindsay, J. Achan et U. D’Alessandro. 2022. « Mass Drug Administration of Ivermectin and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine against Malaria in Settings with High Coverage of Standard Control Interventions : A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial in The Gambia», Lancet Infectious Diseases 22 (4) : 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00557-0.
Datoo, MS., H.M. Natama, A. Somé, O. Traoré, T. Rouamba, D. Bellamy, et al. 2021. « Efficacy of a Low-Dose Candidate Malaria Vaccine, R21 in Adjuvant Matrix-M, with Seasonal Administration to Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized Controlled Trial », The Lancet 397 (10287) : 1809-1818. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00442-X.
Datoo, M.S., H.M. Natama, A. Somé, D. Bellamy, O. Traoré, T. Rouamba, et al. 2022. « Efficacy and Immunogenicity of R21/Matrix-M Vaccine Against Clinical Malaria after 2 Years’ Follow-up in Children in Burkina Faso: A Phase 1/2b Randomized Controlled Trial », The Lancet Infectious Diseases 22 (12) :1728-1736. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00442-X.
Dinga, J.N., S.D. Gamua, S.M. Ghogomu, et V.P.K. Titanji. 2018. « Preclinical Efficacy and Immunogenicity Assessment to show that a Chimeric Plasmodium Falciparum UB05-09 Antigen could be a Malaria Vaccine Candidate », Parasite Immunology 40 (3) : e12514. https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12514.
Doshi, Peter. 2020. « Will COVID-19 Vaccines Save Lives ? Current Trials aren’t designed to tell us », British Medical Journal 371 : m4037. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4037.
Douglas, Mary. 1970. Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology. New York : Pantheon Books.
Douglas, Mary et Aaron Wildavsky. 1982. Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technical and Environmental Dangers. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Edmonds, Sterling, Andrea MacGregor, Agnieszka Doll, Ipek Eren Vural, Janice Graham, Katherine Fierlbeck, Joel Lexchin, Peter Doshi et Matthew Herder. 2020. « Transparency Too Little, Too Late ? Why and How Health Canada Should Make Clinical Data and Regulatory Decision-Making Open to Scrutiny in the Face of COVID-19 », Journal of Law and the Biosciences 7 (1): lsaa083. https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsaa083.
El Zarrad, M. Khair, Aaron Y. Lee, Rose Purcell et Scott J. Steele. 2022. « Advancing an Agile Regulatory Ecosystem to Respond to the Rapid Development of Innovative Technologies », Clinical and Translational Science 15 (6) : 1332-1339. https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.13267.
European Medicines Agency (EMA) 2015. « First Malaria Vaccine Receives Positive Scientific Opinion from EMA ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/first-malaria-vaccine-receives-positive-scientific-opinion-ema.
Fehr, A., C. Nieto-Sanchez, J. Muela, F. Jaiteh, O. Ceesay, E. Maneh et K. Peeters Grietens. 2021. « From Informed Consent to Adherence : Factors Influencing Involvement in Mass Drug Administration with Ivermectin for in The Gambia », Malaria Journal 20 (1) : [198]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03732-z.
Fraiman, J. J., M. Erviti, S. Jones, P. Greenland, P. Whelan, R.M. Kaplan et P. Doshi. 2022. « Serious Adverse Events of Special Interest Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in Randomized Trials in Adults », Vaccine 40 (40) : 5798-5805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.036.
Franco-Paredes, Carlos. 2022. «Transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Among Fully Vaccinated Individuals », Lancet Infectious Diseases 22 (1) :16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00768-4.
Gavi. 2023. « Five Things you Need to Know About the New R21 Malaria Vaccine ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/five-things-you-need-know-about-new-r21-malaria-vaccine.
Goddard-Borger, Ethan D. et Justin A. Boddey. 2018. « Implications of Plasmodium Glycosylation on Vaccine Efficacy and Design », Future Microbiology 13 (6) : 609-612. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2017-0284.
Good, Byron. 1993. Medicine, Rationality and Experience. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Good, Michael F. et Louis H. Miller. 2018. « Interpreting Challenge Data from Early Phase Malaria Blood Stage Vaccine Trials », Expert Review of Vaccines 17 (3) :189-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2018.1435278.
Goodman, Jesse L, John D. Grabenstein et M. Miles Braunn. 2020. « Answering Key Questions About COVID-19 Vaccines », Journal of the American Medical Association 324 (20) : 2027-2028. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.20590.
Graham, J.E. 2016. « Ambiguous Capture: Collaborative Capitalism and the Meningitis Vaccine Project », Medical Anthropology: Cross-Cultural Studies in Health and Illness 35 (5) : 419-432. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2016.1167055.
Graham, J.E. 2019. « Ebola vaccine innovation: a Case Study of Pseudoscapes in Global Health », Critical Public Health 29 (4) : 401-412. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2019.1597966.
Graham J.E., A. Borda-Rodrigeuz, F. Huzair, et E. Zinck. 2012. « Capacity for a Global Vaccine Safety System : The Perspective of National Regulatory Authorities », Vaccine 30 (33) : 4953-4959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.045.
Greenwood, Brian. 2021. Vaccine Decision Marks Historic Moment in Malaria Control. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2021/vaccine-decision-marks-historic-moment-malaria-control.
Gryseels, C., S. Uk, V. Sluydts, L. Durnez, P. Phoeuk, S. Suon, S. Set, S. Heng, S. Siv, R. Gerrets, S. Tho, M. Coosemans et K. Peeters. 2015. « Factors Influencing the Use of Topical Repellents: Implications for the Effectiveness of Malaria Elimination Strategies », Scientific Reports 5 (16847). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16847.
Gryseels, C., S. Uk, A. Erhart, R. Gerrets, V. Sluydts, L. Durnez, J. Muela Ribera, S. Hausmann Muela, D. Menard, S. Heng, T. Sochantha, U. D’Alessandro, M. Coosemans, et K. Peeters Grietens. 2013. « Injections, Cocktails and Diviners : Therapeutic Flexibility in the Context of Malaria Elimination and Drug Resistance in Northeast Cambodia », PLOS ONE 8 (11) : e80343. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080343.
Gryseels, C., M. Bannister-Tyrrell, S. Uk, S. Set, S. Sokha, R. Gerrets et Peeters Grietens, K. 2019. « A Critical Enquiry into Variability of Insecticidal Net Use in Cambodia : Implications for Assessing Appropriateness of Malaria Elimination Interventions », American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100 (6) : 1424-1432. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0730.
GSK. 2016. « Our Commitment to Fighting Malaria». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.gsk.com/media/2534/malaria-factsheet-23-feb-2016.pdf.
——. 2023a. « Our 30-year Quest for a Malaria Vaccine ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.gsk.com/media/2212/malaria-timeline-full.pdf.
——. 2023b. « Behind the science of GSK ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/behind-the-science-magazine/.
Halloran ME, M. Haber et I.M. Longini. 1992. « Interpretation and estimation of vaccine efficacy under heterogeneity », American Journal of Epidemiology 136 (3) : 328-343. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/24.6.1249.
Haber, M., L. Watelet et M.E. Halloran. 1995. « On Individual and Population Effectiveness of Vaccination », International Journal of Epidemiology 24 (6) :1249-1260. https://doi.org/10.1177/096228020101000205.
Haraway, Donna J. 1996. Modest_Witness@Second_Millennium.FemaleMan©_Meets_ OncoMouse™. Feminism. and Technoscience. New York et Londres: Routledge.
Head, B. 2008. « Wicked Problems in Public Policy », Public Policy 3 (2) :110-118.
Health Justice Initiative. 2023. The Health Justice Initiative (HJI) is a South African non- profit organisation working to address systemic health inequities and injustices in South Africa and beyond. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://healthjusticeinitiative.org.za/.
Iglesias-López, Carolina, Antonia Agustí, Mercè Obach et Antonio Vallano. 2019. « Regulatory Framework for Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products in Europe and United States.” Frontiers in Pharmacology 10: 921. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00921.
Infectious Prevention and Control Canada (IPAC). 2023. Coronavirus (COVID-19) SARS- CoV-2. Consulté le 12 juin 2023, https://ipac-canada.org/coronavirus-resources#:~:text=On%20May%204%2C%202023%2C%20the,of%20international%20concern%20(PHEIC).
Jaiteh, F., Y. Masunaga, J. Okebe, U. D’Alessandro, J. Balen, C. Gryseels, J. Muela Ribera et K. Peeters Grietens. 2019. « Community Perspectives on Treating Asymptomatic Infections for Malaria Elimination in The Gambia », Malaria Journal 18 (39). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2672-7.
Jaiteh, Fatou, J. M. Ribera, Y. Masunaga, J. Okebe, U. D’Alessandro, J. Balen, et K. Peeters Grietens. 2021a. « Complexities in Defining the Unit of Intervention for Reactive Community-Based Malaria Treatment in the Gambia», Frontiers in Public Health, 9 : [601152]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.601152.
Jaiteh, F., J. Okebe, Y. Masunaga, U. D’Alessandro, J. Achan, C. Gryseels et K. Peeters Grietens. 2021b. « Understanding Adherence to Reactive Treatment of Asymptomatic Malaria Infections in The Gambia», Scientific Reports, 11 (1) : [1746]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81468-1.
Janssen M.A. et W. J. M. Martens. 1997. « Modeling Malaria as a Complex Adaptive System », Artificial Life 3 (3) : 213-236. https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.1997.3.3.213.
Ioannidis, John P.A., Sally Cripps et Martin A. Tanner. 2022. « Forecasting for COVID-19 has Failed », International Journal of Forecasting 28 (2) : 423-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2020.08.004.
Klein S. L., F. Shann, W. J. Moss, C. S. Benn et P. Aaby. 2016. « RTS,S Malaria Vaccine and Increased Mortality in Girls», mBio 7 (2) : e00514-e00516. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00514-16.
Kupperschmidt, Kai. 2015. « Risk of ‘Leaky’ Vaccines Debated », Science 349 (6247) :461-462. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.349.6247.461.
Lakoff, Andrew. 2007. « Are we Prepared for the Next Disaster ? », Contexts 6 (3) : 10-12. https://doi.org/10.1525/ctx.2007.6.3.10.
Latour, Bruno. 1993. We Have Never Been Modern. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lauerman, John. 1988. « One Colombian’s Quest for a Malaria Vaccine », The Scientist. Consulté le 2 juin 2023, https://www.the-scientist.com/news/one-colombians-quest-for-a-malaria-vaccine-62354.
Laurens, Matthew B. 2021. « Novel Malaria Vaccines », Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics 17 (11) : 4549-4552. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1947762.
Lock, Margaret et Vinh-Kim Nguyen. 2011. An Anthropology of Biomedicine. 2 ed. Oxford : Wiley Blackwell.
Lundh, A., J. Lexchin, B. Mintzes, J.B. Schroll et L. Bero. 2017. « Industry Sponsorship and Research Outcome », Cochrane Database Systematic Review 2 (2) : MR000033. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.mr000033.pub3.
Malaria Vaccination Initiative. 2022. « PATH welcomes US$% million grant to expand malaria vaccine access in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi », PATH, 19 April. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.path.org/media-center/path-welcomes-us-5-million-grant-expand-malaria-vaccine-access-ghana-kenya-and-malawi/#:~:text=Seattle%2C%20April%2019%2C%202022%E2%80%94,Ghana%2C%20Kenya%2C%20and%20Malawi.
Patarroyo, Manuel., R. Amador, R., P. Clavijo, Alberto Moreno, Fanny Guzman, Pedro Romero, Ricardo Tascon, Antonio Franco, Luis A. Murillo, Gabriel Ponton et Gustavo Trujillo. 1988. « A Synthetic Vaccine Protects Humans Against Challenge with Asexual Blood Stages of Plasmodium falciparum malaria », Nature 332 : 158-161. https://doi.org/10.1038/332158a0.
Märzhauser, Helene. 2018. « Risks of Dengue Vaccination », Science. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.dw.com/en/dengue-risks-and-side-effects-of-the-worlds-first-vaccine/a-42488407.
Masunaga, Y., J. Muela Ribera, T. T. Nguyen., K. Tesfazghi, et K. Peeters Grietens. 2021. « In Search of the Last Malaria Cases: Ethnographic Methods for Community and Private-sector Engagement in Malaria Elimination in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.” Malaria Journal 20 (1) : [370]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03903-y.
Masunaga, Y., F. Jaiteh, E. Manneh, J. Balen, J. Okebe, U. D’Alessandro, C. Nieto- Sanchez, D. H. de Vries, R. Gerrets, K. Peeters Grietens et J. Muela Ribera. 2021. « The Community Lab of Ideas for Health: Community-Based Transdisciplinary Solutions in a Malaria Elimination Trial in The Gambia », Frontiers in Public Health 9 : [637714]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.637714.
Morgan S., A. Hollis, C. McCabe, M. Herder et M. Paulden. 2023. « Canada’s Misguided Changes to Drug Regulation Could Fast-Track Unproven Medications and Divert Funds From Other Health Needs », The Conversation, 26 June. Consulté le 30 juin 2023, https://theconversation.com/canadas-misguided-changes-to-drug-regulation-could-fast-track-unproven-medications-and-divert-funds-from-other-health-needs-207463.
Moris, Philippe, Erik Jongert et Robbert G. van der Most. 2018. « Characterization of T-cell Immune Responses in Clinical Trials of the Candidate RTS,S Malaria Vaccine », Human Vaccines and Immunotherapies 14 (1) : 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1381809.
Muela Ribera, J., S. Hausmann-Muela, C. Gryseels et K. Peeters Grietens. 2016. « Re-imagining Adherence to Treatment from the ‘Other Side’: Local Interpretations of Adverse Anti-Malarial Drug Reactions in the Peruvian Amazon », Malaria Journal 15 (136). Consulté le 30 juin 2023, https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14703669.
Muurlink, Olav T. et Andrew W Taylor-Robinson. 2020. « The ‘Lifecycle’ of Human Beings: A Call to Explore Vector-Borne Diseases from an Ecosystem Perspective», Infectious Diseases of Poverty 9 (1) : 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00653-y.
Nguyen, T. T., C. Gryseels, D. T. Tran, T. Smekens, R. Gerrets, X.X. Nguyen et K. Peeters Grietens. 2021. « Understanding Malaria Persistence: A Mixed-Methods Study on the Effectiveness of Malaria Elimination Strategies in South-Central Vietnam », Frontiers in Public Health 9 : [742378]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.742378.
Nielsen CM., J. Vekemans, M. Lievens, K.E. Kester, J.A. Regules, and C.F. Ockenhousee. 2018. « RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Efficacy and Immunogenicity During Plasmodium Falciparum Challenge is Associated with HLA Genotype », Vaccine 36 (12) : 1637- 1642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.069.
Nlinwe, Nfor Omarine, Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi, Bright Adu et Martha Sedegah. 2018. « T-cell Responses Against Malaria: Effect of Parasite Antigen Diversity and Relevance for Vaccine Development », Vaccine 36 (17) : 2237-2242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.023.
Olotu A., V Urbano, A. Hamad, M. Eka, M. Chemba, E. Nyakarungu, Jose Raso, Esther Eburi, Dolores O. Mandumbi, Dianna Hergott, Carl D. Maas, Mitoha O. Ayekaba, Diosdado N. Milang, Matilde R. Rivas, Tobias Schindler, Oscar M. Embon, Adam J. Ruben, Elizabeth Saverino, Yonas Abebe, Natasha KC, Eric R. James, Tooba Murshedkar, Anita Manoj, Sumana Chakravarty, Minglin Li, Matthew Adams, Christopher Schwabe, J. Luis Segura, Claudia Daubenberger, Marcel Tanner, Thomas L. Richie, Peter F. Billingsley, B. Kim Lee Sim, Salim Abdulla et Stephen L. Hoffman. 2018. « Advancing Global Health through Development and Clinical Trials Partnerships: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Assessment of Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of PfSPZ Vaccine for Malaria in Healthy Equatoguinean Men », American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 98 (1) : 308-318. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0449.
Organisation mondiale de la santé. 2005. « International Health Regulations », World Health Organization, 1 January. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241580410.
——. 2013. « Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap », World Health Organization, 5 November. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/malaria-vaccine-technology-roadmap.
——. 2016. «WHO Welcomes Global Health Funding for Malaria Vaccine », World Health Organization, 17 November. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/en/news-room/detail/17-11-2016-who-welcomes-global-health-funding-for-malaria-vaccine.
——. 2020. Malaria: « The Malaria Vaccine Implementation Program (MVIP) », World Health Organization, 2 March. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/malaria-vaccine-implementation-programme.
——. 2021. « Vaccine Efficacy, Effectiveness and Protection », World Health Organization, 14 July. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/vaccine-efficacy-effectiveness-and-protection.
——. 2023a. « The Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator », World Health Organization. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator.
——. 2023b. « Malaria », World Health Organization, 4 December. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria.
O’Ryan, Miguel. 2017. « Rotavirus Vaccines: A Story of Success with Challenges Ahead », F1000 Research 18 (6) : 1517. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11912.1.
Osterholm, M. T., N. S. Kelley, J. M. Manske, K. S. Ballering, T. R. Leighton, et K. A. Moore. 2012. The Compelling Need for Game-Changing Influenza Vaccines: An Analysis of the Influenza Vaccine Enterprise and Recommendations for the Future. Center for Infectious Diseases Research and Policy (CIDRAP) Report. Minneapolis, MN : University of Minnesota. Consulté le 30 juin 2023, http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/sites/default/files/public/downloads/ccivi_report.pdf.
Otto S.P., T. Day, J. Arino, C. Colijn, J. Dushoff, M. Li, S. Mechai, G.V. Domselaar, J. Wu, D.J.D. Earn, et N.H. Ogden. 2021. « The Origins and Potential Future of SARS- CoV-2 Variants of Concern in the Evolving COVID-19 » Current Biology 31 (14) : PR918-929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.049.
Patarroyo, M., R. Amador, P. Clavijo, A. Moreno, F. Guzzman, P. Romero, R. Tascon., Antonio Franco, Luis A. Murillo, Gabriel Ponton et Gustavo Trujillo. 1988. « A Synthetic Vaccine Protects Humans Against Challenge with Asexual Blood Stages of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria », Nature 332 : 158-161. https://doi.org/10.1038/332158a0.
Peeters Grietens, K., X. Nguyen Xuan, J. Muela Ribera, T. Ngo Duc, W. Van Bortel, N. Truong Ba, K.P. Van, H. Le Xuan, U. D’Alessandro et A. Erhart. 2012. « Social Determinants of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Hammock-Use Among the Ra-Glai Ethnic Minority in Vietnam: Implications for Forest Malaria Control », PLOS ONE 7 (1) : e29991. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029991.
Peeters Grietens, K., J. Muela Ribera,, V. Soto, A. Tenorio, S. Hoibak, A.R. Aguirre, E. Toomer, H. L. K. Rodriguez., A. Llanos Cuentas, U. D’Alessandro, D. Gamboa, and A. Erhart. 2013. « Traditional Nets Interfere with the Uptake of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in the Peruvian Amazon: The Relevance of Net Preference for Achieving High Coverage and use », PLOS ONE 8(1) : e50294. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050294.
Peeters Grietens, K., C. Gryseels, S. Dierickx, M. Bannister-Tyrrell, S. Trienekens, S. Uk., P. Phoeuk, S. Suon, S. Set, R. Gerrets, S. Hoibak, J. Muela Ribera S. Hausmann-Muela, S. Tho, L. Durnez, V. Sluydts, U. D’Alessandro, M. Coosemans et A. Erhart. 2015. « Characterizing Types of Human Mobility to Inform Differential and Targeted Malaria Elimination Strategies in Northeast Cambodia », Scientific Reports 5 : 16837. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16837.
Peeters Grietens, K., C. Gryseels, and G. Verschraegen 2019. « Misdirection in the Margins of the Methods of the Malaria Elimination Paradigm », Critical Public Health https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2019.1597965.
Peng, Yilang. 2022. « Politics of COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates: Left/right-wing Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation, and Libertarianism », Personality and Individual Differences 194 : 111661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111661.
Proper, Olivia, Nick Ruktanonchai et Maia Martcheva. 2014. « Optimal Vaccination and Bednet Maintenance for the Control of Malaria in a Region with Naturally Acquired Immunity », Journal of Theoretical Biology 353 (21) : 142-156. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.03.013. Prugger, C., A. Spelsberg, U. Keil, J. Erviti et P. Doshi. 2021. « Evaluating COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy and Safety in the Post-Authorisation Phase », British Medical Journal 375. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067570.
Read, A.F., S.J. Baigent, C. Powers, L.B. Kgosana, L. Blackwell, L.P. Smith, David A. Kennedy, Stephen W. Walkden-Brown et Venugopal K. Nair. 2015. « Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens », PLOS Biology 13 (7) : e1002198. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002198.
Ross, A. 2017. « Vaccination Alone will not halt the Next Global Pandemic », BMJ Opinion. Consulté le 30 juin 2023, http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2017/06/09/allen-ross-vaccination-alone-will-not-halt-the-next-global-pandemic/.
Røttingen J.A, D. Gouglas, M. Feinberg, S. Plotkin, K.V. Raghavan, A. Witty, R. Draghia- Akli, P. Stoffels et P. Piot. 2017. « New Vaccines Against Epidemic Infectious Diseases », New England Journal of Medicine 376 (7) : 610-613. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1613577.
RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership. 2012. « First Results of Phase 3 Trial of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Infants », New England Journal of Medicine 365 (20) : 1863-1875. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1102287.
——. 2014. « Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine during 18 Months after Vaccination: A Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial in Children and Young Infants at 11 African Sites », PLOS Medicine 29 July. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001685.
——. 2015. « Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine With or Without a Booster Dose in Infants and Children in Africa: Final results of a Phase 3, individually randomized clinical trial », The Lancet 386 (9988) : 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60721-8.
Ryan, Molly, Tamara Giles-Vernick et Janice E. Graham. 2019. « Technologies of Trust in Epidemic Response: Openness, Reflexivity and Accountability During the 2014- 2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa », BMJ Global Health 2019 (4) : e001272 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001272.
Schwartz K. L., J. C. Kwong, S. L. Deeks, M.A.Campitelli, F.B. Jamieson, A. Marchand- Austin, T.A. Stukel, L. Rosella, N. Daneman, S. Bolotin, S.J. Drews, H. Rilkoff et N. S. Crowcroft. 2016. « Effectiveness of Pertussis Vaccination and Duration of Immunity », Canadian Medical Association Journal 188 (16) : E399-E406. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.160193.
Serum Institute of India PVT, Ltd. 2023. «R21/Matrix-M™ Malaria Vaccine Developed by University of Oxford Receives Regulatory Clearance for Use in Ghana ». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.seruminstitute.com/press_release_sii_130423.php.
Stengers, Isabelle. 2005. « The Cosmopolitical Proposal». In Bruno Latour (dir.), Making Things Public: Atmospheres of Democracy, p. 994-1003. Cambridge, MA : MIT Press.
University of Oxford. 2023. « R21/Matrix-M™ Malaria Vaccine Developed by University of Oxford Received Regulatory Clearance for use in Ghana». Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2023-04-13-r21matrix-m-malaria-vaccine-developed-university-oxford-receives-regulatory.
Vural, I. E., Matthew Herder et Janice E. Graham. 2021. « From Sandbox to Pandemic: Agile Reform of Canadian Drug Regulation », Health Policy 125 (9) : 1115-1120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.04.018.
Wexler, Mark K. 2009. « Exploring the Moral Dimension of Wicked Problems », International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 2919 (10) : 531-542. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443330910986306.
Zeng, Wu, Y.-A. Halasa-Rappel, N. Baurin, L. Coudeville et D. Shepard. 2018. « Cost- Effectiveness of Dengue Vaccination in Ten Endemic Countries », Vaccine 3 (3) : 413-420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.064.
Zimmer, Carl et Keith Collins. 2021. « What do vaccine efficacy numbers actually mean? », New York Times, 3 March. Consulté le 3 juin 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/03/03/science/vaccine-efficacy-coronavirus.html.
Téléchargements
Publié-e
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Tous droits réservés Janice Graham 2024
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Les auteurs qui collaborent avec Anthropologica consentent à publier leurs articles sous la licence Creative Commons Attribution – Utilisation non commerciale 4.0 – International. Cette licence permet à quiconque de partager l’œuvre (reproduire, distribuer et communiquer) et de l’adapter à des fins non commerciales pourvu que l’œuvre soit adéquatement attribuée à son auteur et qu’en cas de réutilisation ou de distribution, les termes de cette licence soient clairement énoncés.
Les auteurs conservent leurs droits d’auteur et accordent à la revue le droit de première publication.
Les auteurs peuvent également conclure des ententes contractuelles additionnelles et séparées pour la diffusion non exclusive de la version de l’œuvre publiée par la revue (par ex. : l’affichage dans un dépôt institutionnel ou la parution dans un livre) qui devra être accompagnée d’une mention reconnaissant sa publication initiale dans cette revue.
