Dirt and Debt: The Racialization of Default in Brazil

Kathleen Millar

doi:10.18357/anthropologica65220232623

Auteurs-es

Kathleen Millar

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.18357/anthropologica65220232623

Mots-clés :

dette, capitalisme financier , race, classe, Brésil, Rio de Janeiro

Résumé

Au début des années 2000, les politiques et la législation visant à l’inclusion financière ont attiré dans le système bancaire, pour la première fois, des millions de Brésiliens à faibles revenus. Quand beaucoup de ces consommateurs n’ont plus été en mesure de rembourser leurs cartes de crédit, ils ont acquis un « nom sale », l’expression courante au Brésil pour désigner le défaut de paiement. En analysant les origines historiques de cette expression et son utilisation actuelle, on constate qu’elle fonctionne comme une technologie de racialisation qui légitime des formes d’expropriation dans le système du capitalisme financier. L’expression « nom sale », qui s’appuie sur des associations de longue date entre la noirceur et la saleté au Brésil, naturalise les inégalités tout en effaçant les pratiques et les relations financières alternatives dans les périphéries urbaines brésiliennes.

Téléchargements

Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.

##plugins.generic.pfl.publicationFactsTitle##

##plugins.generic.pfl.thisArticle##

##plugins.generic.pfl.otherArticles##

##plugins.generic.pfl.peerReviewers##

##plugins.generic.pfl.numPeerReviewers##

##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePeerReviewers##

##plugins.generic.pfl.reviewerProfiles## S.O.

##plugins.generic.pfl.authorStatements##

##plugins.generic.pfl.dataAvailability##

##plugins.generic.pfl.dataAvailability.unsupported##

##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePercentYes##

##plugins.generic.pfl.funders##

##plugins.generic.pfl.funders.no##

##plugins.generic.pfl.numHaveFunders##

##plugins.generic.pfl.competingInterests##

S.O.

##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePercentYes##

##plugins.generic.pfl.forThisJournal##

##plugins.generic.pfl.otherJournals##

##plugins.generic.pfl.articlesAccepted##

##plugins.generic.pfl.numArticlesAccepted##

##plugins.generic.pfl.numArticlesAcceptedShort##

##plugins.generic.pfl.daysToPublication##

##plugins.generic.pfl.numDaysToPublication##

145

##plugins.generic.pfl.indexedIn##

##plugins.generic.pfl.indexedList##

##plugins.generic.pfl.editorAndBoard##: ##plugins.generic.pfl.profiles##
##plugins.generic.pfl.academicSociety##: Canadian Anthropology Society
##plugins.generic.pfl.publisher##: University of Victoria

Références

Badue, Ana Flavia, and Florbela Ribeiro. 2018. “Gendered Redistribution and Family Debt: The Ambiguities of a Cash Transfer Program in Brazil.” Economic Anthropology 5 (2): 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1002/sea2.12122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sea2.12122

Chakravartty, Paula, and Denise Ferreira da Silva. 2012. “Accumulation, Dispossession, and Debt: The Racial Logic of Global Capitalism—An Introduction.” American Quarterly 64 (3): 361–385. https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2012.0033. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2012.0033

DaMatta, Roberto. 2000. A Casa e a Rua: Espaço, Cidadania, Mulher, e Morte no Brasil [The House and the Street: Space, Citizenship, Woman, and Death in Brazil]. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Rocco.

De Queirós, Eça. 1888. “Os Maias” [The Mayans]. Cidade do Rio [City of Rio]. 28 September. Edition 217.

Diário Carioca. 1933. “Com Ficha na Polícia e Nome Sujo nos Bancos” [With a Police Record and a Dirty Name in the Banks]. Diário Carioca [The Carioca Daily]. 3 February.

Diário do Rio de Janeiro. 1876. “Sapucaia.” Diário do Rio de Janeiro [The Rio de Janeiro Daily]. 20 September.

Ferreira da Silva, Denise. 2022. Unpayable Debt. London: Sternberg Press.

Fraser, Nancy, and Rahel Jaeggi. 2018. Capitalism: A Conversation in Critical Theory. Medford, MA: Polity.

Gazeta de Notícias. 1892. “Publicações a Pedido” [Letters from the Reader]. Gazeta de Notícias [News Gazette]. 6 July.

——. 1916. “Notas e Notícias” [Notes and News]. Gazeta de Notícias [News Gazette]. 25 June.

Gusmão, Mônica. 2013. “Nome Sujo na Praça.” [Dirty Name in the Square]. Monitor Mercantil. [Merchant’s Observer]. 4 March. https://monitormercantil.com.br/nome-sujo-na-praua/ (accessed 10 January 2023).

Han, Clara. 2012. Life in Debt: Times of Care and Violence in Neoliberal Chile. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520951754

Horch, Dan. 2014. “Brazil’s Middle Class Finds a Lifeline at the Pawnshop.” New York Times, 3 December. https://nyti.ms/2FTRt0I (accessed 10 January 2023).

Hubálek, Michal. 2021. “A Brief (Hi)Story of Just-So Stories in Evolutionary Science.” Philosophy of the Social Sciences 51 (5): 447–468. https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393120944223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393120944223

Lavinas, Lena. 2015. “A Financeirização da Política Social: O Caso Brasileiro” [The Financialization of Social Policy: The Brazilian Case]. Revista Politika [The Politics Journal]. 2: 35–51. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=KjeENAMAAAAJ&citation_for_view=KjeENAMAAAAJ: UHK10RUVsp4C

McCallum, Cecilia. 2005. “Racialized Bodies, Naturalized Classes: Moving through the City of Salvador da Bahia.” American Ethnologist 32 (1): 100–117. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.2005.32.1.100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.2005.32.1.100

Millar, Kathleen M. 2018. Reclaiming the Discarded: Life and Labor on Rio’s Garbage Dump. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822372073

Montenegro, Marina, and Fabio Contel. 2017. “Financeirização do Território e Novos Nexos Entre Pobreza e Consumo na Metrópole de São Paulo” [Financialization of the Territory and New Connections between Poverty and Consumption in Metro São Paulo]. EURE (Santiago) 43 (130): 115–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612017000300115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612017000300115

Müller, Lúcia. 2014. “Negotiating Debts and Gifts: Financialization Policies and the Economic Experiences of Low-Income Social Groups in Brazil.” Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 11 (1): 191–-221. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-43412014000100007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-43412014000100007

Pinho, Patricia de Santana. 2010. Mama Africa: Reinventing Blackness in Bahia. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822391760

Ramos-Zayas, Ana Y. 2020. Parenting Empires: Class, Whiteness, and the Moral Economy of Privilege in Latin America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781478009252

Roth-Gordon, Jennifer. 2017. Race and the Brazilian Body: Blackness, Whiteness, and Everyday Language in Rio de Janeiro. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520293793.001.0001

Schucman, Lia Vainer. 2012. Entre o “Encardido,” o “Branco” e o “Branquíssimo”: Raça, Hierarquia e Poder na Construção da Branquitude Paulistana [Between “Dirty White,” “White” and “Super White”: Race, Hierarchy and Power in the Construction of Whiteness in São Paulo]. PhD Dissertation, University of São Paulo.

Sr. Redactor do Fluminense. 1836. “Correspondência.” [Letter to Editor]. O Fluminense Jornal Politico e Litterario [The Fluminense Political and Literary Journal]. 23 January.

Teixeira, Milton. 2016. “Nome Sujo na Praça” [Dirty Name in the Square]. Revista Condomínio CIPA [Journal Condominium, CIPA]. 21 October. https://issuu.com/revistacondominioetc/docs/revista_cipa_71_web (accessed 10 January 2023).

Westin, Ricardo. 2019. “Despreparo Financeiro da População é Preocupante” [The Financial Unpreparedness of the Population is Worrisome]. Agência Senado. https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/especiais/especial-cidadania/despreparo-financeiro-da-populacao-e-preocupante (accessed 10 January 2023).

Wynter, Sylvia. 2003. “Unsettling the Coloniality of Being/Power/Truth/Freedom: Towards the Human, After Man, its Overrepresentation—an Argument.” The New Centennial Review 3 (3): 257–337. https://doi.org/10.1353/ncr.2004.0015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ncr.2004.0015