Assembling Formal and Informal Urban Governance: Political Brokerage in Recife, Brazil

Auteurs-es

  • Martijn Koster Anthropology and Development Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

Mots-clés :

gouvernance urbaine, courtage, Brésil, Recife, anthropologie de l’État, agencement, clientélisme

Résumé

Cet article aborde la gouvernance urbaine comme un agencement de pratiques formelles et informelles composé de procédures officielles et de faveurs personnelles, de cadres juridiques et d’arrangements privés entre bureaucrates et résidents urbains. Je montre comment, au sein de tels agencements, les leaders communautaires des quartiers défavorisés de la ville de Recife, au Brésil, agissent comme courtiers entre l’État et leurs co-résidents. Ces leaders sont des acteurs clés de la création d’alignements entre les différents éléments de l’agencement, et ce, par des moyens à la fois formels (tels les programmes participatifs) et informels (tels les échanges clientélistes de votes contre faveurs). En combinant l’anthropologie du courtage et les travaux récents sur ce type d’agencement issus des études urbaines et du développement, je conçois ces leaders locaux comme des « agenceurs » particuliers. Je soutiens qu’ils offrent un point de départ précieux pour l’analyse de la gouvernance urbaine comme agencement formel/informel, ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives qui contribuent aux débats en cours sur les dimensions informelles de la gouvernance urbaine et, plus généralement, sur les liens entre le formel et l’informel. L’accent mis sur les pratiques connectives de ces leaders permet de théoriser la gouvernance urbaine comme un assemblage d’acteurs, d’institutions et de ressources qui produit des structures de pouvoir se manifestant dans des actes d’agencement formels et informels concrets.

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Comment citer

Koster, M. (2019). Assembling Formal and Informal Urban Governance: Political Brokerage in Recife, Brazil. Anthropologica, 61(1), 25–34. Consulté à l’adresse https://cas-sca.journals.uvic.ca/index.php/anthropologica/article/view/208

Numéro

Rubrique

Section Thématique: Moving Beyond the Formal / Informal Dichotomy