Street Vending as Ethical Citizenship in Urban Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3138/anth.581.A05Keywords:
citizenship, urban studies, street vending, ethics, IndonesiaAbstract
Street traders in many Indonesian cities face social and legal constraints because they are deemed to be hampering the city's order and cleanliness. I describe how a group of vendors adopted the state's concern over greenery and developed their own “green” project. They also called themselves the rakyat kecil (small people) and argued that they were the poor underdogs being mistreated by the corrupt government. This moral positioning is best seen as an expression of what I am calling “citizenship as ethics,” in which the legitimacy of being in a public space is validated through discourses and actions deemed “good” or “right” in the local public imagination.
Downloads
References
Accountability Report of the Cooperative Board of Tri Dharma Yogyakarta Street Vendor Traders 1992 Closing Book [on file with author]
Aguilar, Filomeno V. 2001 Citizenship, Inheritance, and the Indigenizing of “Orang Chinese” in Indonesia. Positions 9(3):501–533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9-3-501
Aspinall, Edward and Gerry van Klinken 2010 The State and Illegality in Indonesia. Leiden, Netherlands: KITLV Press
Barker, Joshua 1998 “State of Fear”: Controlling the Criminal Contagion in Suharto's New Order. Indonesia 66:7–42
Barker, Joshua and Gerry van Klinken 2009 Reflections on the State in Indonesia. In State of Authority: The State in Society in Indonesia. G. van Klinken and J. Barker, eds. Pp. 17–45. Studies on Southeast Asia 50. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications
Berenschot, Ward, Henk Schulte Nordholt, and Laurens Bakker 2016 Citizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia. Leiden: Brill
Blackburn, Susan 1999 Women and Citizenship in Indonesia. Australian Journal of Political Science 34(2):189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361149950362
Boellstorff, Tom 2004 Zines and Zones of Desire: Mass-Mediated Love, National Romance, and Sexual Citizenship in Gay Indonesia. Journal of Asian Studies 63(2):367–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021911804001019
Bowen, John R. 1986 On the Political Construction of Tradition: Gotong Royong in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Studies 45(3):545–561. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056530
Bubandt, Nils 2014 Democracy, Corruption and the Politics of Spirits in Contemporary Indonesia. New York: Routledge
Bupati Sleman Dituntut Enam Tahun Penjara 2009 Kompas, December 9. http://regional.kompas.com/read/2009/12/09/14291432/bupati.sleman.dituntut.enam.tahun.penjara, accessed January 5, 2010
Chatterjee, Partha 2004 The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press
City Pledges All Out War on Vagrants, Beggars 1997 Jakarta Post, October 16
Collins, Elizabeth Fuller 2007 Indonesia Betrayed: How Development Fails. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press
Colombijn, Freek 1994 Patches of Padang: The History of an Indonesian Town in the Twentieth Century and the Use of Urban Space. Leiden, Netherlands: Research School, Centre for Non-Western Studies, Leiden University
Depan UNY Harus Bersih; Bupati Tolak Permintaan PKL 2007 Kedaulatan Rakyat, December 11
Diharapkan Renovasi, Bukan Relokasi 2006 Kompas, April 20
Dua PKL menyalahgunakan oleh Satpol PP 2008 Kedaulatan Rakyat, November 5
Englund, Harri 2006 Prisoners of Freedom: Human Rights and the African Poor. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Gibbings, Sheri Lynn 2013a Unseen Powers and Democratic Detectives: Street Vendors in an Indonesian City. City and Society 25(2):235–259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ciso.12018
Gibbings, Sheri Lynn 2013b Unnamed Interests and Informal Leaders: A Street Vendor Relocation in Yogyakarta City. Indonesia 96(1):151–185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ind.2013.0020
Gibbings, Sheri, Elan Lazuardi, and Khidir Marsanto 2014 Politics from Below. Inside Indonesia 119(January). http://www.insideindonesia.org/politics-from-below
Govt Needs to Pay More Attention to the Informal Sector 2014 Jakarta Post, January 17. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/01/17/govt-needs-pay-more-attention-informal-sector.html#sthash.pOPqCrX4.dpuf, accessed April 28, 2015
Hefner, Robert W. 2001 The Politics of Multiculturalism: Pluralism and Citizenship in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press
Heryanto, Ariel 1999 The Years of Living Luxuriously: Identity Politics of Indonesia's New Rich. In Culture and Privilege in Capitalist Asia. M. Pinches, ed. Pp. 160–188. New York: Routledge
Holston, James 2009 Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Jellinek, Lea 1976 The Life of a Jakarta Street Trader. Working Paper no. 9, Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Jellinek, Lea 1999 The New Poor. Inside Indonesia 57. http://www.insideindonesia.org/the-new-poor, accessed March 23, 2016.
Kusno, Abidin 2000 Behind the Postcolonial: Architecture, Urban Space and Political Cultures in Indonesia. New York: Routledge
Kusno, Abidin 2004 Whither Nationalist Urbanism? Public Life in Governor Sutiyoso's Jakarta. Urban Studies (Edinburgh, Scotland) 41(12):2377–2394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980412331297582
Kusno, Abidin 2005 The Significance of Appearance in the Zaman Normal, 1927–1942. In Kota Lama, Kota Baru: Sejarah Kota-Kota di Indonesia Sebelum dan Setelah Kemerdekaan [Old City, New City: The History of the Indonesian City before and after Independence]. Freek Colombijn et al., eds. Pp. 493–521. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Ombak Press
Kusno, Abidin 2010 Appearances of Memory: Mnemonic Practices of Architecture and Urban Form in Indonesia. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9780822392576
Lambek, Michael, ed. 2010 Ordinary Ethics: Anthropology, Language, and Action. New York: Fordham University Press
Lazar, Sian 2008 El Alto, Rebel City: Self and Citizenship in Andean Bolivia. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
Lazar, Sian 2014 Citizenship. In A Companion of Urban Anthropology. Donald Nonini, ed. Pp. 65–81. Boston, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118378625.ch4
Lazar, Sian and Monique Nuijten 2013 Citizenship, the Self, and Political Agency. Critique of Anthropology 33(1):3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275X12466684
Lev, Daniel 2000 Legal Evolution and Political Authority in Indonesia: Selected Essays. The Hague, Netherlands: Kluwer Law International
Lindsey, Tim and Mas Achmad Santosa 2008 The Trajectory of Law Reform in Indonesia: A Short Overview of Legal Systems and Change in Indonesia. In Indonesia: Law and Society, 2nd ed. Tim Lindsey, ed. Pp. 2–22. Singapore: Federation Press
McGee, Terence Gary and Yeu Man Yeung 1977 Hawkers in Southeast Asian Cities: Planning for the Bazaar Economy. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre
McGlynn, John et al. 2007 Indonesia in the Soeharto Years: Issues, Incidents and Images. Leiden, Netherlands: Lontar/ KITLV
Mietzner, Marcus 2012 Indonesia's Democratic Stagnation: Anti-reformist Elites and Resilient Civil Society. Democratization 19(2):209–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2011.572620
Mills, Mary Beth 2012 Thai Mobilities and Cultural Citizenship. Critical Asian Studies 44(1):85–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2012.644888
Murray, Alison J. 1991 No Money, No Honey: A Study of Street Traders and Prostitutes in Jakarta. Singapore: Oxford University Press
Newberry, Jan 2006 Back Door Java: State Formation and the Domestic in Working Class Java. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press
Nuijten, Monique 2013 The Perversity of the ‘Citizenship Game’: Slum-Upgrading in the Urban Periphery of Recife, Brazil. Critique of Anthropology 33(1):8–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275X12466683
Ong, Aihwa, Virginia R. Dominguez, Jonathan Friedman, Nina Glick Schiller, Verena Stolcke, and Hu Ying 1996 Cultural Citizenship as Subject-Making: Immigrants Negotiate Racial and Cultural Boundaries in the United States. Current Anthropology 37(5):737–762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/204560
Padawangi, Rita 2014 Reform, Resistance and Empowerment: Constructing the Public City from the Grassroots in Jakarta, Indonesia. International Development Planning Review 36(1):33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2014.3
Pasar Minggu Flower Pots a Pedestrian Obstruction 2011 Jakarta Post, December 19. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/12/19/pasar-minggu-flower-pots-a-pedestrian-obstruction.html, accessed April 28, 2015
Pemberton, John 1994 On the Subject of “Java.” Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
Pemkot Akui Razai PKL Titik Nol Kilometer Kerap Bocor 2014 Tribun Jogja, December 1. http://jogja.tribunnews.com/2014/12/01/pemkot-akui-razia-pkl-titik-nol-kilometer-kerap-bocor/, accessed February 7, 2015
Penjelasan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Sleman Nomor 11 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pedagang Kaki Lima. http://www.jdih.slemankab.go.id/file/Perda%2011%20Tahun%202004%20PKL%20%20.pdf, accessed March 27, 2016
Peters, Robbie 2013 Surabaya, 1945–2010: Neighborhood, State and Economy in Indonesia's City of Struggle. Singapore: NUS Press
PPKLS Ajukan Konsep Alterantif 2005 Bernas, August 29
Purdy, Jemma 2006 Anti-Chinese Violence in Indonesia: 1996–1999. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press
Reerink, Gustaaf 2009 When Money Rules over Voice: Regional Autonomy and Spatial Planning in Bandung Benefits the Elite. Inside Indonesia 98. http://www.insideindonesia.org/feature-editions/when-money-rules-over-voice, accessed April 15, 2016
Rukmana, Deden and Djarot Purbadi 2012 Street Vending in Indonesian Cities. In Transforming Asian Cities: Intellectual Impasse, Asianizing Space, and Emerging Translocalities. N. Perera and W.-S. Tang, eds. Pp. 123–136. Abingdon, NY: Routledge
Rutherford, Danilyn 2012 Laughing at Leviathan: Sovereignty and Audience in West Papua. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226731995.001.0001
Satpol PP Sleman Keroyok PKL Samirono 2008 Suara Komunitas, November 7. http://suarakomunitas.net/baca/1496/satpol-pp-sleman-keroyok-pkl-samirono/, accessed March 23, 2016.
Satpol PP Told to Stand Firm against Monas Street Vendors 2014 Jakarta Post, August 2. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/08/02/satpol-pp-told-stand-firm-against-monas-street-vendors.html, accessed April 28, 2015
Schulte Nordholt, Henk 2008 Identity Politics, Citizenship and the Soft State in Indonesia: An Essay. Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities 1(1):1–21
Schulte Nordholt, Henk 2011 Decentralization and Democracy in Indonesia: Strengthening Citizenship or Regional Elites? In Handbook of Southeast Asian Politics. R. Robison, ed. Pp 229–241. Oxford: Routledge
Schulte Nordholt, Henk and Gerry van Klinken, eds. 2007 Renegotiating Boundaries: Local Politics in Post-Suharto Indonesia. Leiden, Netherlands: KITLV Press
Shiraishi, Takashi 1990 An Age in Motion: Popular Radicalism in Java, 1912–1916. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
Siegel, James T. 1998 A New Criminal Type in Jakarta: Counter-Revolution Today. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9780822382515
Siegel, James T. 2001a Suharto, Witches. Indonesia 71:27–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3351456
Siegel, James T. 2001b Thoughts on the Violence of May 13 and 14, 1998. In Jakarta: In Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia. B. Anderson, ed. Pp. 90–123. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications
Simandjuntak, Deasy 2012 Gifts and Promises: Patronage Democracy in a Decentralized Indonesia. European Journal of East Asian Studies 11(1):99–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-20120008
Sumintarsih, Dra, Dra Suratmin, S. H. Isni Herawati and Budi Noor Sulistyo 1992–93 Pembinaan Disiplin Di Lingkungan Masyarakat Kota Yogyakarta [Developing Discipline in the Community Environment of Yogyakarta City]. Proyek Penelitian, Pengkajian dan Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Budaya Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional.
Suryadinata, Leo, ed. 2008 Ethnic Chinese in Contemporary Indonesia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Telle, Kari 2013 Vigilante Citizenship: Sovereign Practices and the Politics of Insult in Indonesia. Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia and Oceania 169(2–3):183–212
Terlihat Kumuh, PKL Alun-alun Ditata 2014 Kedaulatan Rakyat, May 15. http://www.krjogja.com/web/news/read/216093/terlihat_kumuh_pkl_alun_alun_ditata, accessed February 7, 2015
Too Proud to Be a Beggar 1983 Jakarta Post, November 29
van Klinken, Gerry 2009 Patronage Democracy in Provincial Indonesia. In Rethinking Popular Representation. O. Törnquist, N. Webster, and K. Stokke, eds. Pp. 141–159. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Willmott, Donald 2009 [1961] The National Status of the Chinese in Indonesia 1900–1958. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
Wilson, Ian 2015 The Politics of Protection Rackets in Post–New Order Indonesia: Coercive Capital, Authority and Street Politics. New York: Routledge
Zigon, Jarrett 2008 Morality: An Anthropological Perspective. New York: Berg
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors contributing to Anthropologica agree to release their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 Unported license. This licence allows anyone to share their work (copy, distribute, transmit) and to adapt it for non-commercial purposes provided that appropriate attribution is given, and that in the event of reuse or distribution, the terms of this license are made clear.
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal right of first publication.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.